The boy was removed from the mother’s care in March and was placed with his adoptive father, before Gateshead Council sought to have the adoption overturned.
Neither his adoptive or birth parents attended the hearing.
His adoptive mother had previously told the council she did not want “any further involvement” with the child.
Jackson said the boy had received a “high standard of care” from his adoptive parents, who social workers said loved him “unconditionally”.
“The consequence of each of these errors was that the court acted on a fundamentally mistaken basis,” he said.
Jackson said the adoption decision was not the fault of the original family court judge, who made it based on the information before her at the time.
The case will return to the family court to be dealt with at a later date.